Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer. The running events are categorised as sprints, middle and long-distance events, relays, and hurdling. The racing events are won by the athlete with the fastest time, while the jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who has achieved the greatest distance or height in the contest. Track and field events are generally individual sports with athletes challenging each other to decide a single victor.
The International Association of Athletics Federations is the international governing body for track and field. It is under the banner of athletics that the two most prestigious international track and field competitions are held: the athletics competition at the Olympic Games and the IAAF World Championships in Athletics. Track and field is one of the sports which (along with road running, cross-country running and race walking) makes up the umbrella sport of athletics. The throwing and jumping events generally take place within the central enclosed area. The name of the sport derives from the venue for the competitions: a stadium which features an oval running track surrounding a grassy area. Track and field (also known as track and field sports, track and field athletics, or commonly just track) is a sport comprising various competitive athletic contests based around the activities of running, jumping and throwing. The track and field stadium is at the heart of the sport
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